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CartBovine IL-4 (Yeast-derived Recombinant Protein) - 25 micrograms
Bulk quantities of Bovine IL-4 protein are available.
Please contact us for pricing.
Bovine IL-4 Specifications
Molecular Weight (calculated) - 12.6kDa
Amino Acid Sequence - GHKCDIT LAEIIKTLNI LTTRKNSCME LPVADVFAAP KNTTEKETFC RVGIELRRIY RSHTCLNKFL GGLDRNLNSL ASKTCSVNEA KTSTSTLKDL LERLKTIMKE KYSKC (115)
Gene ID - 280824
Purity - >98% as visualized by SDS-PAGE analysis.
Homology Across Species
Bos taurus (cattle) IL-4 - 100%
Bison bison (bison) IL-4 - 100%
Bubalus bubalis (water buffalo) IL-4 - 100%
Bos mutus (wild yak) IL-4 - 100%
Syncerus caffer (African buffalo) IL-4 - 100%
Bos indicus (zebu) IL-4 – 99%
More - https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
Endotoxin - Naturally endotoxin-free
Applications
Cell Culture, ELISA Standard, Western Blot Control
IL-4 Background
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) induces differentiation of naive helper T cells (Th0 cells) to Th2 cells. Upon activation by IL-4, Th2 cells subsequently produce additional IL-4. IL-4 has many biological roles, including the stimulation of activated B-cell and T-cell proliferation, and the differentiation of CD4+ T-cells into Th2 cells. It is a key regulator in humoral and adaptive immunity. IL-4 induces B-cell class switching to IgE, and up-regulates MHC class II production. Overproduction of IL-4 is associated with allergies.
Alternate Names - IL4, BCGF-1, BCGF1, BSF-1, BSF1, IL-4, interleukin 4
Coordinated Role of Toll-Like Receptor-3 and Retinoic Acid-Inducible Gene-I in the Innate Response of Bovine Endometrial Cells to Virus.
Carneiro LC, Bedford C, Jacca S, Rosamilia A, de Lima VF, Donofrio G, Sheldon IM, Cronin JG.
Front Immunol. 2017 Aug 23;8:996. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00996. eCollection 2017.
Applications: Stimulation of bovine dendritic cells using bovine IL-4 and bovine GM-CSF to produce monocyte-derived dendritic cells in culture.
Monocyte-derived dendritic cells from late gestation cows have an impaired ability to mature in response to E. coli stimulation in a receptor and cytokine-mediated fashion.
Pomeroy B, Sipka A, Klaessig S, Schukken Y.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2015 Sep 15;167(1-2):22-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.06.016. Epub 2015 Jul 2.
Applications: IL-10 and IL-12 were used as ELISA standards. IL-4 and GM-CSF were used to stimulate monocytes in culture. MHC II, CD14, and CD80 antibodies were used to look at cell surface receptors by flow cytometry.
Classically or alternatively activated bovine monocyte-derived macrophages in vitro do not resemble CD163/Calprotectin biased macrophage populations in the teat.
Düvel A, Frank C, Schnapper A, Schuberth HJ, Sipka A
Innate Immun. 2012 May 23.
Applications: Stimulation of bovine MDM cells.
Effects of interleukin-8 on estradiol and progesterone production by bovine granulosa cells from large follicles and progesterone production by luteinizing granulosa cells in culture.
Shimizu T, Kaji A, Murayama C, Magata F, Shirasuna K, Wakamiya K, Okuda K, Miyamoto A.
Cytokine. 2012 Jan;57(1):175-81.
Applications: Non-specific ELISA Standard
Abstract
Interleukin 8 (IL-8) is a chemoattractant involved in the recruitment and activation of neutrophils and is associated with the ovulate process. We examined the possible role of IL-8 in steroid production by bovine granulosa cells before and after ovulation. The concentration of IL-8 in the follicular fluid of estrogen-active dominant (EAD) and pre-ovulatory follicles (POF) was higher than that of small follicles (SF). CXCR1 mRNA expression was higher in the granulosa cells of EAD and POF than that of SF. In contrast, CXCR2 mRNA expression was lower in granulosa cells of EAD and POF than in SF. IL-8 inhibited estradiol (E2) production in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-treated granulosa cells at 48 h of culture. IL-8 also suppressed CYP19A1 mRNA expression in FSH-treated granulosa cells. IL-8 stimulated progesterone (P4) production in luteinizing hormone (LH)-treated granulosa cells at 48 h of culture. Although IL-8 did not alter the expression of genes associated with P4 production, it induced StAR protein expression in LH-treated granulosa cells. The expression of CXCR1 mRNA in corpus luteum (CL) did not change during the luteal phase. In contrast, the expression of CXCR2 mRNA in middle CL was significantly higher than in early and regression CL during the luteal phase. In luteinizing granulosa cells, an in vitro model of granulosa cell luteinization, CXCR2 mRNA expression was downregulated, whereas CXCR1 mRNA expression was unchanged. IL-8 also stimulated P4 production in luteinizing granulosa cells. These data provide evidence that IL-8 functions not only as a chemokine, but also act as a regulator of steroid synthesis in granulosa cells to promote luteinization after ovulation.
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