Rabbit CXCL10 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10), also known as IP-10 (Interferon gamma–induced protein 10), is a proinflammatory chemokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family, which also includes CXCL9 (MIG) and CXCL11 (I-TAC) that regulate T-cell recruitment during antiviral and inflammatory immune responses. In rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), CXCL10 is produced by macrophages, dendritic cells, epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts in response to interferon-γ (IFN-γ), viral infection, or inflammatory cytokines. CXCL10 signals primarily through the chemokine receptor CXCR3, expressed on activated T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and other immune cells, promoting chemotaxis and activation of these cells at sites of infection or inflammation. In rabbits, CXCL10 plays an important role in Th1-type immune responses, particularly during viral infections and inflammatory diseases. Rabbits are widely used as animal models for atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation, where CXCL10 contributes to recruitment of CXCR3⁺ T cells and other leukocytes to inflamed vascular tissue, influencing immune-mediated vascular pathology and plaque development. Consequently, rabbit CXCL10 is studied in immunology, cardiovascular disease research, and host–pathogen interaction studies to better understand chemokine-driven immune cell trafficking and inflammatory disease mechanisms.