Bovine Stem Cell Factor (SCF) (also known as KIT ligand, KITLG, mast cell growth factor, or steel factor) is a cytokine and growth factor that plays an important role in hematopoiesis, stem cell maintenance, and immune cell development in cattle (Bos taurus). SCF belongs to a group of hematopoietic growth factors that regulate the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of stem and progenitor cells. It exerts its biological effects by binding to the c-Kit receptor (CD117), a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed on hematopoietic stem cells, mast cells, melanocytes, and germ cells, activating intracellular signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and JAK/STAT that promote cell survival and growth. In cattle, SCF is produced by stromal cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells and exists in both membrane-bound and soluble forms, allowing both local and systemic regulation of c-Kit–expressing cells. Bovine SCF plays roles in bone marrow hematopoiesis, mast cell development, pigmentation, and reproductive cell biology, and contributes to maintenance of hematopoietic stem cell niches. Because SCF–c-Kit signaling regulates stem cell function and immune cell development, bovine SCF is studied in research on hematopoiesis, mast cell biology, reproductive physiology, and stem cell–based regenerative approaches relevant to cattle health and livestock production.