Ovine CCL5 (C–C motif chemokine ligand 5, also known as RANTES – Regulated upon Activation, Normal T cell Expressed and Secreted) is a proinflammatory chemokine that regulates immune cell recruitment and inflammatory responses in sheep (Ovis aries). CCL5 is a member of the CC chemokine family, which also includes CCL3 (MIP-1α), CCL4 (MIP-1β), and CCL2 (MCP-1), chemokines that coordinate leukocyte trafficking during immune activation. In sheep, CCL5 is produced primarily by activated T lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, platelets, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells in response to infection, inflammatory stimuli, or tissue injury, and it exerts its biological effects mainly through binding to the chemokine receptors CCR1, CCR3, and CCR5, promoting chemotaxis and activation of T cells, monocytes/macrophages, eosinophils, and natural killer (NK) cells at sites of infection or inflammation. In ovine health, CCL5 contributes to immune responses against viral, bacterial, and parasitic pathogens, including those involved in respiratory disease, gastrointestinal infections, and parasitic infestations common in sheep production systems. Because chemokine-mediated leukocyte recruitment is essential for effective host defense, ovine CCL5 is studied in veterinary immunology, infectious disease research, and host–pathogen interaction studies, helping to improve understanding of immune regulation and disease resistance in sheep.