Rabbit CCL3 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 3, also known as MIP-1α, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha) is a pro-inflammatory chemokine that regulates recruitment and activation of immune cells during inflammatory and infectious responses in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). CCL3 primarily signals through the CCR1 and CCR5 receptors, promoting chemotaxis of monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and activated T lymphocytes to sites of infection or tissue injury. In rabbits, CCL3 is produced by activated macrophages, dendritic cells, epithelial cells, and lymphocytes in response to inflammatory stimuli such as microbial products and cytokines including TNF-α and IL-1β. CCL3-mediated leukocyte recruitment contributes to host defense and immune activation in conditions such as bacterial infections, viral diseases, and inflammatory tissue injury. In rabbit research, CCL3 is particularly relevant in models of inflammatory disease, infectious disease, and tumor immunology, where chemokine-driven immune cell infiltration influences tissue inflammation and immune responses. While CCL3-mediated immune cell trafficking supports pathogen clearance and immune surveillance, excessive or prolonged expression can contribute to chronic inflammation and tissue damage. As a regulator of leukocyte migration and inflammatory signaling, rabbit CCL3 supports studies of host–pathogen interactions, immune regulation, and inflammatory mechanisms relevant to both veterinary health and comparative biomedical research.