Rabbit CCL2 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MCP-1) is a pro-inflammatory chemokine that regulates recruitment and activation of monocytes, macrophages, and memory T cells during immune responses in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). CCL2 signals primarily through the CCR2 receptor, activating intracellular pathways that promote leukocyte migration, cytokine production, and coordination of innate and adaptive immune responses at sites of infection, tissue injury, or inflammation. In rabbit health and research, CCL2 is particularly important in inflammatory and cardiovascular disease models, including atherosclerosis, where macrophage recruitment to vascular lesions contributes to plaque formation and progression. CCL2 is also involved in infectious disease and pulmonary inflammation models, influencing immune cell infiltration and tissue remodeling during bacterial or viral infections. While CCL2-mediated monocyte recruitment supports host defense and tissue repair, excessive or prolonged expression can promote chronic inflammation and tissue damage. Because rabbits are widely used as translational models for cardiovascular disease, inflammatory disorders, and respiratory pathology, characterization of rabbit CCL2 supports studies of chemokine-mediated immune cell trafficking, host–pathogen interactions, and inflammatory mechanisms relevant to human disease.