Guinea Pig CXCL1 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1, also known as GRO-α – growth-regulated oncogene alpha) is a proinflammatory chemokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family, which includes related chemokines such as CXCL2, CXCL3, and CXCL8 (IL-8) that regulate neutrophil recruitment during inflammatory responses. In guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus), CXCL1 is produced by macrophages, epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts in response to infection, inflammatory cytokines, or tissue injury. CXCL1 primarily signals through the chemokine receptor CXCR2, promoting chemotaxis, activation, and migration of neutrophils and other innate immune cells to sites of infection or inflammation. In guinea pig health and research, CXCL1 plays an important role in innate immune defense, particularly in the respiratory tract, where neutrophil recruitment is critical for controlling pathogens. Guinea pigs are widely used as animal models for infectious diseases, especially tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other respiratory infections, where CXCL1-mediated neutrophil recruitment contributes to granuloma formation and inflammatory responses in infected tissues. As a result, guinea pig CXCL1 is studied in immunology, host–pathogen interaction research, and vaccine development, helping to clarify mechanisms of neutrophil-driven inflammation and immune responses in respiratory disease models.