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Human CCL4 (MIP-1 beta) Recombinant Protein
- Catalog Number:
- RP0869H
- Availability:
- In stock
- Application:
- Cell Culture, ELISA Standard, ELISpot Control, Western Blot Control
- 100% Homology:
- Homo sapiens (human)
- Human CCL4 (MIP-1β) (catalog RP0869H) is a yeast-derived chemokine supplied lyophilized without carrier protein in 10% trehalose; it has no affinity tags and is naturally endotoxin-free, and should be reconstituted in sterile PBS that contains at least 0.1% carrier protein. The protein is ~7.8 kDa, 69 amino acids long (full sequence provided), and >98% pure by SDS-PAGE, with 100% amino-acid homology to human. Store at -20°C (stable up to twelve months from date of receipt; working aliquots with carrier protein stable ~3 months) and avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. Product origin is the USA. It is commonly used to study CCL4/MIP-1β signaling and immune-cell chemotaxis (including recruitment and activation of macrophages, NK cells, and T cells); typical experimental uses include cell-culture stimulation and migration assays, chemotaxis and signaling studies, ELISA and neutralization assays, flow-cytometry and Western blot controls, and antibody generation/validation. Kingfisher Biotech products are supplied for research applications and are not intended for medicinal, diagnostic, or therapeutic use.
| Amino Acid Sequence | APMGSDPPTA CCFSYTARKL PRNFVVDYYE TSSLCSQPAV VFQTKRSKQV CADPSETWVQ EYVYDLELN (69) |
| Endotoxin | Naturally endotoxin-free |
| Storage Conditions | -20°C |
| Molecular Weight | 7.8 kDa |
| Purity | >98% as visualized by SDS-PAGE analysis. |
| Country Of Origin | USA |
- Human CCL4 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 4, also known as MIP-1β, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta) is a pro-inflammatory chemokine that plays a key role in immune cell recruitment and regulation of inflammatory and antiviral immune responses. CCL4 primarily signals through the CCR5 receptor, promoting chemotaxis of monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and activated T lymphocytes to sites of infection, inflammation, or tissue injury. In humans, CCL4 is produced by activated macrophages, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells following stimulation by microbial products or inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β. CCL4 contributes to host defense by coordinating leukocyte trafficking and enhancing immune activation during infections; it is also involved in viral immunity, particularly in HIV infection, where CCL4 competes with the virus for the CCR5 co-receptor, thereby inhibiting viral entry into target cells. Dysregulated CCL4 expression is associated with chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease, as well as cancer, where chemokine-mediated immune cell infiltration can influence tumor microenvironment dynamics. Because of its central role in immune cell migration and CCR5-mediated signaling, human CCL4 is widely studied as a biomarker of inflammation and a potential therapeutic target in infectious disease, immune-mediated disorders, and cancer immunology.
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