Rabbit IL-22 (Interleukin-22) is a member of the IL-10 cytokine family that plays an important role in mucosal immunity and epithelial barrier protection in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). IL-22 is produced primarily by activated CD4⁺ T cells, including Th17- and Th22-like subsets, as well as by γδ T cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), in response to microbial infection and inflammatory stimulation. It signals through the IL-22 receptor complex (IL-22R1 and IL-10R2), which is expressed mainly on epithelial and stromal cells, activating downstream JAK/STAT pathways—particularly STAT3—to induce antimicrobial peptide production, enhance chemokine expression, promote epithelial cell proliferation, and support tissue repair. In healthy rabbits, basal IL-22 expression is generally low but increases during bacterial and viral infections and inflammatory challenge, particularly at mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. Rabbit IL-22 is relevant in models of tuberculosis, enteric infection, ocular inflammation, and inflammatory bowel-like disease, where regulation of epithelial integrity and immune-mediated tissue responses is critical. In biomedical research, rabbit IL-22 serves as a biomarker of mucosal immune activation and epithelial defense and contributes to studies of host–pathogen interactions and inflammatory disease mechanisms.