Ovine CCL3 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 3, also known as MIP-1α, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha) is a pro-inflammatory chemokine that regulates recruitment and activation of immune cells during inflammatory and infectious responses in sheep (Ovis aries). CCL3 primarily signals through the CCR1 and CCR5 receptors, promoting chemotaxis of monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and activated T lymphocytes to sites of infection or tissue injury. In sheep, CCL3 is produced by activated macrophages, dendritic cells, epithelial cells, and lymphocytes in response to inflammatory stimuli such as microbial components and cytokines including TNF-α and IL-1β. CCL3-mediated immune cell recruitment plays an important role in host defense against pathogens associated with respiratory infections, mastitis, and parasitic diseases common in small ruminants, where infiltration of monocytes and lymphocytes contributes to pathogen clearance and immune activation. While CCL3-driven leukocyte trafficking supports protective immune responses and tissue repair, excessive or prolonged expression may contribute to chronic inflammation and tissue damage. As a regulator of immune cell migration and inflammatory signaling, ovine CCL3 is important for studies of host–pathogen interactions, inflammatory disease mechanisms, and immune responses relevant to sheep health and small ruminant veterinary research.