Cynomolgus monkey amphiregulin (AREG) is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family and functions as a ligand for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ErbB1), where it regulates epithelial cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue repair. In Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), amphiregulin is produced by epithelial cells, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and activated immune cells including Th2 cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and innate lymphoid cells in response to tissue injury, inflammation, and allergic stimulation. The amphiregulin protein sequence is highly conserved among non-human primates and is functionally comparable to that of Rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) and humans, supporting its relevance in translational research. Through activation of EGFR-dependent signaling pathways such as MAPK and PI3K/AKT, amphiregulin contributes to wound healing, mucosal barrier integrity, and tissue remodeling in respiratory, gastrointestinal, and cutaneous tissues. Dysregulated amphiregulin expression may be associated with chronic inflammation, fibrosis, or tumor progression. In preclinical and translational research, Cynomolgus monkey amphiregulin is of particular interest in models of allergic airway disease, inflammatory bowel disease, dermatologic inflammation, regenerative medicine, and oncology studies involving EGFR-targeted therapeutics. Characterizing amphiregulin expression in Cynomolgus monkeys provides valuable insight into epithelial–immune crosstalk, tissue repair mechanisms, and EGFR-driven pathophysiology in non-human primate models used for safety and efficacy evaluation.