Equine amphiregulin (AREG) is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family and functions as a ligand for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ErbB1), where it regulates epithelial cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue repair. In horses (Equus caballus), amphiregulin is produced by epithelial cells, keratinocytes, fibroblasts, airway smooth muscle cells, and activated immune cells in response to tissue injury, inflammatory cytokines, and allergic stimulation. Through activation of EGFR-dependent signaling pathways such as MAPK and PI3K/AKT, equine amphiregulin contributes to wound healing, mucosal barrier maintenance, and tissue remodeling in cutaneous, respiratory, and gastrointestinal tissues. Dysregulated expression may be associated with chronic inflammation, fibrosis, or tumor development. In veterinary and comparative medicine research, equine amphiregulin is of particular interest in models of equine asthma (inflammatory airway disease), recurrent airway obstruction, chronic wounds (including distal limb wound healing), laminitis-associated tissue remodeling, and neoplastic conditions such as squamous cell carcinoma and sarcoids where EGFR signaling may play a role. Characterizing amphiregulin expression in horses provides valuable insight into epithelial–immune interactions, tissue repair mechanisms, and EGFR-driven inflammatory or proliferative processes in equine health and translational research.