Bovine Transforming Growth Factor Alpha (TGF-α) is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family of growth factors, which also includes epidermal growth factor (EGF), amphiregulin, betacellulin, epiregulin, and heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF). In cattle (Bos taurus), TGF-α is synthesized as a membrane-bound precursor protein that is proteolytically cleaved to release a soluble ligand capable of binding the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ErbB1). Activation of EGFR by TGF-α triggers intracellular signaling pathways including MAPK/ERK, PI3K/AKT, and JAK/STAT, which regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and tissue development. Bovine TGF-α is expressed in multiple tissues such as the mammary gland, skin, gastrointestinal tract, and reproductive tissues, where it contributes to epithelial cell growth, tissue regeneration, and organ development. In cattle, TGF-α signaling is particularly relevant in mammary gland development and epithelial turnover, processes that influence lactation physiology and mammary tissue remodeling. It also participates in wound healing and tissue repair following injury. Because TGF-α regulates epithelial growth and EGFR signaling, bovine TGF-α is studied in research on mammary gland biology, tissue regeneration, growth factor signaling, and epithelial cell proliferation relevant to cattle health and dairy productivity.