Bovine amphiregulin (AREG) is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family and functions as a ligand for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ErbB1), where it regulates epithelial cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue repair. In cattle (Bos taurus), amphiregulin is produced by epithelial cells, keratinocytes, fibroblasts, mammary epithelial cells, and activated immune cells in response to tissue injury, inflammatory cytokines, and microbial stimulation. Through activation of EGFR-dependent signaling pathways such as MAPK and PI3K/AKT, bovine amphiregulin contributes to mucosal barrier maintenance, wound healing, mammary gland development and remodeling, and regulation of inflammatory responses in respiratory, gastrointestinal, cutaneous, and mammary tissues. Dysregulated amphiregulin expression may be associated with chronic inflammation, fibrosis, mastitis-related tissue remodeling, and neoplastic processes. In veterinary and agricultural research, bovine amphiregulin is of particular interest in studies of mastitis, mammary gland biology and lactation, respiratory disease, wound repair, and comparative models of EGFR-mediated signaling. Characterizing amphiregulin expression in cattle provides valuable insight into epithelial–immune crosstalk, tissue regeneration, and inflammatory regulation in both livestock health and translational biomedical research contexts.