Hamster CXCL10 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10), also known as IP-10 (Interferon gamma–induced protein 10), is a proinflammatory chemokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family, which also includes CXCL9 (MIG) and CXCL11 (I-TAC) that regulate T-cell recruitment during antiviral and inflammatory immune responses. In hamsters (commonly Syrian or golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus), CXCL10 is produced by macrophages, dendritic cells, epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts in response to interferon-γ (IFN-γ), viral infection, or inflammatory cytokines. CXCL10 signals primarily through the chemokine receptor CXCR3, which is expressed on activated T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and other immune cells, promoting chemotaxis and activation of these cells at sites of infection or inflammation. Hamsters are widely used as animal models for viral infectious diseases, particularly SARS-CoV-2 infection, where CXCL10 expression is strongly induced in the lungs during interferon-driven antiviral responses and is associated with immune cell infiltration and inflammatory lung pathology. Because the Syrian hamster model reproduces many features of human COVID-19 respiratory disease, hamster CXCL10 is studied in host–pathogen interaction research, antiviral therapy testing, and vaccine evaluation, helping to clarify mechanisms of interferon-mediated immune responses and chemokine-driven inflammation during viral infection.