Mouse Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is a type II interferon cytokine that plays a central role in cell-mediated immunity and regulation of antimicrobial and inflammatory responses in mice (Mus musculus). IFN-γ is produced primarily by activated T helper 1 (Th1) cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells following stimulation by intracellular pathogens or immune signaling molecules such as IL-12 and IL-18. Mouse IFN-γ binds to the interferon-γ receptor (IFNGR1/IFNGR2) expressed on many immune and non-immune cells, activating intracellular signaling through the JAK–STAT pathway, particularly STAT1, which induces expression of numerous interferon-stimulated genes involved in antigen presentation, macrophage activation, and antimicrobial defense. In mice, IFN-γ is critical for activation of macrophages, enhancement of MHC class I and II expression, and control of intracellular pathogens, including mycobacteria, viruses, and certain parasites, and it is widely studied in murine models of infectious disease, cancer, and immunology to investigate immune regulation, host–pathogen interactions, and therapeutic strategies.